Which are the ecosystem services provided by diadromous fish?

In DiadES, we identified those ES through extensive literature review and by consulting local stakeholders from case study rivers across the Atlantic Area (from Gipuzkoa rivers in Spain, Loire and Mondego rivers in France and Portugal, to Rivers Tamar, Frome and Taff in UK). The ES identified include food provision (provisioning service), nutrient exchanges between coastal and inland habitats (regulating service) and recreational fishing and tourism linked to the societal interest for diadromous fishes (cultural service). Contribution of diadromous species to supporting gastronomic festivals and knowledge systems (environmental education and research) also relates to cultural ES. In this report , potential trade-offs are identified between services provided by diadromous fish populations and other services provided in AA´s rivers, that support alternative benefits (i.e. flood control; electricity production; agricultural pollution; sand extraction).